Sika Deer
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| Sika Deer | |||
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| ニホンジカ | |||
| Character Data | |||
| AKA | Spotted Deer, Japanese Deer
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| Romaji | Nihon Jika
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| Debut | Kemono Friends (2015 Game) | ||
| Animal Data | |||
| Scientific Name | Cervus nippon
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| Distribution | East Asia
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| Diet | Herbivore
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| Avg. Lifespan | 12-25 years
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| Read More | Sika Deer
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| Conservation | 
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| Sika Deer | Anime | Festival | KF3 | Nexon Game | Gallery |
The Sika Deer is a type of mammal Friend that debuted in the original Kemono Friends mobile game and later cameoed in the Kemono Friends anime. She was then redesigned for her appearance in Kemono Friends 3.
Appearance
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Series Appearances
| Media | Role | |
|---|---|---|
Minor Appearances
Kemono Friends Picross
Sika Deer appears in a puzzle of Kemono Friends Picross where the player can obtain a picture of the friend by solving a puzzle.
In Real Life
A Male Sika Deer in Kadzidłowo, Poland. Photo by Lilly M, 2007.
A Female Sika Deer in the Wildpark Alte Fasanerie, Hanau, Germany. Photo by user 4028mdk09.
The Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) is a species of deer in the Cervidae family. It is native to most of East Asia and has since been introduced to other locations.
As a member of the genus Cervus, the Sika Deer is considered a "true deer". These deer were originally grouped in with nine other diverse species, all of which now are considered genetically different enough to get their own classes. Members of this genus are able to crossbreed with other members in areas where they coexist, which results in hybrids. One example is the Sika Deer and the Elk in the Scottish Highlands. The hybrids of the native Scottish red deer with introduced Sika have been deemed a serious threat to the gene pool of the Scottish deer. However, an invasive Sika in the United States cannot reproduce with a North American white-tailed, mule or black-tailed deer, as these animals are placed in a separate genus, Odocoileus.
Sika Deer are one of the few deer who do not lose their spots when they mature. These spot patterns vary between regions: mainland subspecies have larger and more obvious spots, whereas the Taiwanese and Japanese subspecies have very faint spots. Most of the introduced populations have roots from the Japanese subspecies, so they lack noticeable spots. The overall fur color ranges from a rich mahogany red to a jet black. During the winter, the coats become darker and shaggier, and the spots less prominent. Males will also form "manes" on their necks.
A tame Sika deer wandering the streets of the town of Miyajima, Japan. Photo by user Arcimboldo (Eckhard Pecher).
Though their sizes vary between subspecies, these deer tend to be more on the medium side. They can range anywhere from 50 to 110 cm (20 to 45 in.) tall at the shoulder and 95 to 180 cm (35 to 70 in.) in head-and-body length. The largest subspecies the Manchurian sika deer (C. n. mantchuricus), can weigh about 68–109 kg (150–240 lb.) in males and 45–50 kg (100–110 lb.) in females. On the contrary, the Japanese Sika Deer (C. n. nippon) males weigh 40–70 kg (90–150 lb.), and the females weigh 30–40 kg (70–90 lb.). Regardless of subspecies, all sikas have compact bodies with dainty legs, and short, wedge-shaped heads, accompanied by a boisterous disposition.
Sika deer are found in the temperate and subtropical forests and woodlands of eastern Asia. They prefer areas with dense understories, and where snowfall does not exceed 10–20 cm (4–8 in). Like other deer species, they tend to forage in patchy clearings of forests. Areas suitable for farming and other human exploitation seem to be favored spots. Japan has, by far, the largest native sika population in the world. Though the exact population is uncertain, it is likely to be in the hundred thousand range and is still increasing. This is thanks to recent conservation efforts and the extinction of its main predator, the Japanese wolf. Without a main predator, the population has exploded and now many areas are very overpopulated, posing a threat to both forests and farmlands. Efforts are now being made to control the population instead of conserving it.
China used to have the largest population of sika, but centuries of hunting and habitat loss have reduced the population to less than 1,000. The Taiwanese population had been extinct in the wild for almost two decades before individuals from zoos were introduced to Kenting National Park; the population is now around 200. Reintroduction programs are also under way in Vietnam, where the Vietnamese sika deer (C. n. pseudaxis) is extinct in the wild or near extinction. Russia has a relatively large and stable population of 8,500–9,000 individuals of the Manchurian subspecies, but this is limited to a small area in Primorsky Krai. There is a chance small populations exist in North Korea, but the political situation makes investigations impossible. The species is currently extinct in South Korea with no plans for reintroduction.
Trivia
- Sika Deer is currently the only redesigned friend appeared in both the Anime and Kemono Friends Festival using their old design.
- Other names include the "Northern spotted deer" or the Japanese Deer.
- The name comes from shika (鹿), the Japanese word for "deer".
- In Chinese, it is known as 梅花鹿; méihuālù; 'peach blossom deer'
- There are 14 known subspecies and one possibly extinct subspecies.
- There are records of Yezo sika deer Yezo Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) stags weighing up to 170 or 200 kg (370 or 440 lb.)
- The only endagered subspecies is the Kerama Deer (C. n. keramae).
- A male Sika is called a "stag" and a female is called a "hind". Baby Sikas are known as "fawns".
- In Shinto religion and culture, the Shika Deer is considered a messenger between mortals and the gods.
References
- Wikipedia Page
- Harris, R.B. (2015). "Cervus nippon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41788A22155877. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41788A22155877.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- Senn, Helen. "Hybridisation between sika and red deer" (PDF). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 5 December 2022. Hybridisation is predominantly occurring between sika stags and red deer hinds.
- Landesman, N. (22 March 2004). "Sika deer, Japanese deer". Ultimate Ungulate
- Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations. Springer Science & Business Media. 2008. p. 28. ISBN 9784431094296.
- Tollman, Adrienne. "Sika deer". The British Deer Society. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- Kaji, Koichi; Takashi Saitoh; Hiroyuki Uno; Hiroyuki Matsuda; Kohji Yamamura (2010). "Adaptive management of sika deer populations in Hokkaido, Japan: theory and practice". Population Ecology. 52 (3): 373–387. doi:10.1007/s10144-010-0219-4. S2CID 40435595.